Compare and contrast your way of life with that of your parents. Essay

Compare and contrast your way of life with that of your parents. Which way life do you think would be more satisfying to future generation? Nowadays, people have been changed the way they live. To compare between my age and my parent, there are differences ideas in the job preferences and the success of life. Both of People who born in generation X and Y prefer to work with a reputation company than a small company, however, generation X people are likely to hop to many companies than generation Y. Obviously, people in my parents age are more loyal to the company than we are. This is because our parents are lacking of new information while, in our generation, there are the invention of communication technology. For example, we can assess new information across the world easily. Therefore, we are up to new ideas every day. Moreover, the advance of new technology makes people think that everything is possible. Thus, new generation tends to quit a job and prefer to be own boss more than old generation. Another different perspective between new and old generation is the pursuit of life. In our parent age, people tend to get married and built the family at young age, whereas nowadays people are more likely postpone their marriage life. New generation think that they suppose to be success in financial aspect before getting married. This information is supported by the statistics that show the proportion of children population declines while the proportions of elderly are higher. In conclusion, I think there are advantage and disadvantage in both the way our parents and our way of life. To illustrate, the old generation are more patience and going to on their path, while the new generation looks like getting bored with everything easily. If the next generation brings the pros from previous generations to utilize, they would be pass through the obstacle and doing what they love.

Organization and Management Essay

Power and control are aspects which are common in many institutions. Organizations on the other hand are social institutions which operate to serve specific functions in society as well as their own development or growth and this makes it different from other entities such as the family (Eddy, 1983). Most organization’s concern is to expand in order to exceed other existing natural units as well as enhancing their performance through effective control (Bakke, 2005). As a result, these organizations require a formal and institutionalized distribution of penalties and rewards so that regulations, norms and orders that exist in these organizations are complied with. This also calls for control of participants so that these norms and regulations can effectively be carried out. In addition, different allocation of assignments of organizational tasks to various parties is required so that rewards on performance are granted to various deserving individuals and those who do not deserve these rewards on the other hand, are punished. This paper will focus on how power and control and operate at Engineering Product and the various possible implications that could occur on the part of employers and employees at Engineering Product. Power may also be viewed as a form of influence that an individual or organization may posses and the way that it is exerted on individuals and institutions in order to bring about desired results. These results could be positive or negative depending on the nature of power that an organization has. Power relates to the capacity of attaining the desired needs or wants as well as the stated objectives from organizations or individuals and in certain instances force may be applied. In addition, exercise of power may occur among individuals which could end up shaping or influencing the wants of an individual (Fairholm, 1993). It is evident that power and control exists at Engineering Product, a British Engineering firm. The firm has existed for a while how and since its restructuring in 1980’s it now posses three areas of business namely defense, automotive components and individual services. The restructuring also saw the expansion of the firm into other overseas business environments and as a result, the firm has majority of its employees working abroad with very few remaining in Britain. In other words, Engineering Product has managed to have its stronghold in international business by succeeding in the same. Its workforce is widely spread in Western Europe as well as North America. Majority of the workforce is seen in the automobile section of the firm which employs about 60% of the total workforce. This division is also involved with various multinational companies that produce cars. However its concentration is less in the UK than in any other country and this means that less sales are made from the division that exists in Britain since it has a small proportion of workforce employed in the division. Larger proportion of sales as well as the workforce is found in continental Europe which consists of France, Germany and Spain. Automotive division has mostly been shaped by the demands that are created by its customers and this has also affected the way it carries out its operations and management in the international business as well as its workforce. These customers have also standardized their means of working practices and production by means of carrying out â€Å"best practices† in various sites, hence forcing management to produce similar products for instance cars that are similar to others internationally. There are various forms of power that exist in organizations namely coercive power, normative power, utilitarian power, referent power, expert power, reward power among others. Coercive power involves forcing other people to comply with one’s rules and regulations. It also relates to the capacity at which an individual or organization is able to issue punishments to those individuals or employees who fail to follow demands or requests that are proposed (Sims, 2002). Kipnis notes that coercive power is mainly exercised by individuals who rely on their verbal facility, physical strength or in other circumstances being able to withhold emotional support from other people or grant it. As a result, an individual is provided with the probable means to issues such as bully, physical harm, or lack of love among others. In organizations, the most common forms of coercive power include the ability to demote, fire or transfer subordinates. As a result of coercive power, a dyfunctioning process in groups has been evident and these processes include reciprocal conflict and anger, reactions, self-blame, rejection and dislike, revolutionary coalitions just to mention (Streatfield, 2001). The most common outcome of coercive power on the past of employees is resistance. Reward power on the other hand concerns employee rewards based on their performances and de-motivation occurs in cases whereby deserving employees are not rewarded (Houser & Domokos, 2004). Engineering Product firm has acquired most of its power and control through the integration efforts that it has managed to create in the global business and this international integration has its origin from the demands that the Engineering Product’s customers present. The central task of integration mostly lies with the HQ of the firm’s division. The firm has also carried out its integration processes by creating various management structures mostly at the international level and this is mostly done with the aim of bringing together all the managers who work in various groups and branches as well as enabling effective information exchange that may exist between them. Therefore, it is the division at the HQ that exercises the central power as regards the various activities that exist at Engineering Product. Senior directors from the manufacturing sector at the Engineering products are brought together through ‘manufacturing councils’ that are operated by the division. This is carried out in order for these directors to be able to monitor and examine the various processes which might have been adopted in each of the existing plants. Moreover, the international college of Engineering which is based in Germany enables engineers to learn and develop on the new methods of manufacturing. International integration has also been enhanced by Engineering Product through the creation of cadre that involves international managers who are charged with the responsibility of carrying out various assignments in other countries besides their own. As a result, internal consultants have been established and they consist of managers responsible in the pioneering of new practices and these managers also have the permission to roam between plants as they attempt to adopt the practice. The firm also has a HR which has established a system that is able drive together various managers based at different sites in order to discuss and share common initiatives termed as ‘best practice’. As a result regular meetings are conducted by the HR specialists as they discuss the various implications that integration has on the personnel practice. In the past, the meetings have resulted in bringing about problem-solving techniques as means of establishing standardized results. The division of HQ ensures that plant managers are involved in sharing of the best practice by carrying out an operation in orders concerned with internal competition. The other form of power and control can be named in this case since the orders from customers are mainly placed at the division’s HQ and not the other plants. Again, it is the HQ that decides what orders should be received by what plants. As a result, the HQ has a little bit more leverage over the other actors that exist at the various plant levels and this means that these plants have to be dependent on HQ. Decisions that concern outsourcing are made at the division at HQ and it is them who decide what factors should supply their products to the various orders that are made by customers. Local customers on the other hand are supplied by local companies found in the various local markets. Concerning the various implications on employees and managers, the move that was established regarding standardization of production led to the generation of various opinions between plant managers and HQ focusing on the resulting in merits that may exist in a particular initiative for instance, performance-related pay (PRP) which has been established successfully in various plant divisions by the HQ. However, as per discussions from the meetings, it was found out that performance of the work force vary from one plant to another. However, he opted to use sanctions as a means of imposing it ma through in order to bring about equal performance. The internal integration of Engineering Product is mostly as a result of the powers that the firm gives to HQ as well as internal competition. Plant managers are at an obligation to comply with any wishes that may be established by HQ, such wishes may involve the means of labour management as well as nature of processes in production. Engineering products’ HR function has also been able to play both strategic and administrative roles hence increasing the level of profile function. In addition, the HR function has also been able to create several structures that enhance contact between plant managers who are based at various plant divisions. However, tension was encountered by the central function of HR concerned the creation of a balance between variation found in plants in order to reflect local factors as well as standardization of practices. As seen from the scenario, he was ready to impose sanctions so that standardization of products is enhanced across borders. The differences in the various practices existed mainly because of the various changes that occurred in the nature of institutions, law and the national cultures and this can viewed under the way the performance – related pay was conducted as well as employee representation. Another impact is that as a result of the central power that HQ posses, American plants do not have any formal structures since the law does not allow management to recognize various unions and the unions on the other have do not have powers since they are not influential as regards the recognition of management (Sinsson, Edwards & Ferner, 1993). Managers on the other hand experience positive impacts as a result of international integration since the hierarchy in management is widespread and not limited to one particular country. Senior positions are filled on merit and little importance is placed on nationality. Consequently mangers are faced with a lot of opportunities a head of them both domestically and internationally hence allowing managers to become geographically mobile. However, this effect may view differently since some managers may not find it suitable to perform assignments abroad (Miner, 2002). On the other hand, the autonomy of managers is greatly reduced since they are forced to company with the established rules and regulations of HQ and this could end up to resistance from these managers. The policy-making bodies at Engineering Product help in the formulation of policies by various plant managers. International integration has also impacted on employees shown by the increased competition among plants hence the HQ is able to establish comparisons in relation to performance. As a result, employees bargaining power is reduced in each plant hence creating resistance to change among unions and employees. Another implication is in relation to the way these employees are exposed to various working practices found in different countries. In conclusion, it is ended that the power and control that Engineering Product has is that of coercive power because the firm forces its wishes on various plants and people even though it has managed to establish a successful international integration.

Using Mixed Method: Both Qualitative & Quantitative Research

BackgroundOnce upon a time there was a successful line of convenience stores. We'll call this group of stores â€Å"QuickStop†. At some point a staff-member realised that QuickStop seemed to be patronised by many more men than women. This was passed along to the management team and they asked the store tellers to informally keep track of the proportions of men to women who came into their stores. It turned out that the theory seemed to hold true, and in fact far more men patronized QuickStop than did women.This information was passed along to the other managers at other QuickStop stores and they found the same trend. This received some higher level management attention and they began to wonder why this was occurring. Eventually management made the decision that this was too large a group of potential customers to lose, and a decision was eventually made to study this phenomenon and to understand why it was taking place, and if anything could be done about it.Research Objective A research project was designed to understand how women felt about shopping at QuickStop stores and why. It was decided that this research should be qualitative and the specific methodology would be In-depth-Interviews (this is research with one professional interviewer and one respondent at a time – in this case the decision was made because there were suspicions that there could be sensitive issues that wouldn't be discussed as candidly in a group setting).Qualitative ResearchAbout two dozen current or potential female customers were paid to come into a research facility to discuss the use of convenience stores in general, and later in the interviews the discussion was directed specifically to QuickStop convenience stores, in particular. The results were very surprising to the management team. The major qualitative findings included  the following:i. Women viewed convenience stores to be primarily designed for men, with little or no consideration for women,ii. The bathroo ms at convenience stores were believed to be the dirtiest that could be found in a city – â€Å"gross† was the most common description – and that perception permeated everything that women felt about convenience stores in generaliii. QuickStop was seen as one of the worst of convenience stores â€Å"kind of the place for a man to buy gas, get a six-pack of cheap beer and cigarettes, but not the kind of place I want to go†.Quantitative ResearchOnce the management team had an understanding of what issues they faced with female customers, they felt that they needed to understand how broadly these beliefs were held. Now they needed to get some hard numbers, and that meant that they needed to conduct quantitative market research. The research objective for this phase of research were:i. Understand how female customers of QuickStop differ from those that don't regularly visit these stores.ii. Understand whether or not a renovation of QuickStop could entice each group to visit more frequently (or at all depending on whether the respondent currently avoided QuickStop entirely).For the quantitative phase of research they decided to conduct 250 telephone interviews with a combination of female respondents. The requirements to participate in this phase of research were that: half of the respondents stated that they had used QuickStop at least five times in the last year, and the other half admitted to intentionally avoiding QuickStop altogether, although they did use other brands of convenience stores. The major results  from the quantitative phase indicated that:a. Over 76% of all female QuickStop customers were women under 30 years old, without children, while women with children and with higher incomes were 5 times less likely to shop at QuickStopb. The good news was that of the women who didn't currently use QuickStop, 64% said that if these stores were to update their color schemes, clean up their bathrooms and update their health and f eminine products that they would be willing to try QuickStop again.The two phases of research (qualitative + quantitative) gave the QuickStop management team a very good understanding of where they currently stood with female customers and why. Their quantitative research also indicated that those women who were not currently using their stores would â€Å"forgive† them if they changed their ways. Their decision now was to decide if gaining more middle-aged women as customers was worth the cost of updating their stores and spending more money to keep them clean and neat, and better stocked with the types of products that middle-aged women with children needed.Research note: in general when conducting two phases of research (in this case qualitative and quantitative market research) it's most often the case that the first phase (qualitative research) is conducted first as a â€Å"lead-in†. Qualitative research tends to help the management team understand the underlying issues, and the second phase (quantitative in this case) helps to understand how pervasive/wide spread these feelings/attitudes are among a certain target audience.

Millwood Affair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Millwood Affair - Essay Example Clause f of the policy does state that "any employee not following the foregoing procedures will be subject to disciplinary action ranging from suspension to termination." Besides, he has endangered public safety. Furthermore, some hardliners felt that an exception to policy would create a dangerous precedent and send employees the wrong message. On the other hand, other committee members were of the opinion that given the extensive praise that Millwood had received in the media, disciplinary action would damage the credit union's reputation within the community. The decision that the union needs to make is if any action is to be taken against Matt. And if action is to be taken, what is the appropriate action The final solution will be one that is within the bounds of the law, will not set a dangerous precedent for other employees, and preserve the union's reputation within the community. The first solution-take no action against Matt-will preserve the union's reputation within the community. However, it would set a dangerous precedent and send the wrong message to employees that the union condones violation of company policies. The last solution-terminate or dismiss Matt-is in accordance with company policy. But the union's reputation is at stake. Though at stake, it is not against the law to terminate Matt. Matt might have violated his duty of diligence, that requires an employee to act "with reasonable care and skill" in the course of performing work for the employer (Bogardus, 2004). But whether he has acted "with reasonable care and skill" or not is up the court to decide, since he is a Golden Hawk linebacker. However, he has definitely violated the duty of obedience, which requires employees to act within the authority granted by the employer and to follow the employer's reasonable and legal policies, procedures, and rules (Bogardus, 2004). A more middle-of-the -road solution is to take disciplinary action against Matt by issuing him with a letter of warning. RECOMMENDATION The second, middle-of-the-road solution of issuing Matt with a letter of warning is recommended. After all, Matt has followed the company's policy from clause a through to clause d, which are the main clauses that govern the safety of the employees and customers. Termination or dismissal would be too heavy a punishment. However, employees should be sent the correct message. Moreover, Matt did endanger public safety. The shots fired by the robber narrowly missed a young mother and her daughter. Hence, mild disciplinary action has to be taken. IMPLEMENTATION The Director of Human Resources will issue Matt a warning letter after the approval of this report by the Executive Committee. REFERENCES Bogardus, A.M. (2004). PHR/SPHR: Professional in human resources certification study guide. San Francisco:

Deutsche Bank Ag (DB) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Deutsche Bank Ag (DB) - Research Paper Example cles and publications, Deutsche Bank Ag still remains an icon the world foreign exchange market though facing stiff competition from other foreign exchange dealers. Some of the services offered by this banking institution include; risk management, wealth management, fund management, corporate finance, sales, retail banking, and trade. From the type of services rendered by this company, it is evident that it deals with corporate and private clients. Its market network is evenly spread across established and growing economies and this serves as an important factor that propels Deutsche Bank Ag towards financial or economic success in the world market (Deutsche Bank in Asia, 32). According to many surveyors, this institution used log term strategy to achieve good results in the world market. DBA being one of the oldest institutions in the banking industry took time to learn the market trend hence able to make quick and strategic marketing decisions. Deutsche Bank Ag is one of the trusted banks within America and Europe due to its long existence in the banking industry (Deutsche Bank in Asia, 32). German started using this banking institution long before World War II and since then it has grown to cover the world market. The company is still stretching is service network to other countries across the globe and still remains to beat in the world market. According to the historical description of Deutsche Bank Ag, it is one of the banking institutions that offer several banking

Relegion - Islamic studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Relegion - Islamic studies - Essay Example al Mundhir's vision of "a commander (amir) from among us and a commander from among you."1 and the combination of Umar b. al-Khatab's oath of allegiance and the beating of the Khazraji leader Said b. Ubaida resolved the dispute.2 Despite the general baya that took place in the main mosque shortly after this event, several sahabi from Bana Hahim and al-Shams refused to give Aba Bakr the baya for six months. A significant reason for this delay may have been Abu Bakr's confiscation of the Prophet's significant revenue producing lands and the subsequent denial of the right of inheritance to his relatives on the basis of a purported prophetic saying that prophets "do not bequeath [to heirs." Ali, Al Abbas, Abu As b. Abi Rabia, Aban b'Said and Khalid b. Said are all reported to have delayed giving Abu Bakr the baya until after the death of Fatima, who was buried secretly without the knowledge of the caliph. Ibn Ubaida, the beaten Ansari, who was one of the prestigious twelve nuqaba who fac ilitated the emigration of the Prophet to Yathrib in his time of need, never gave the bya to Abu Bakr and may have been the only sahabi who withheld his allegiance to Umar.3 The second major conflict among the sahaba was the ridda wars whose execution was justified again on the basis of a prophetic hudith over the objections of Umar. These battles pitted Abu Bakr and his Muslim armies against tribes that ranged from advocates of the self-proclaimed prophet Musaylama to Muslims who did not wish to pay the alms tax to the caliph in Medina. Iba Said identifies six men of the fourth tabaqa of sahaba, namely those who embraced Islam after the conquest of Mecca, who participated in the ridawars against Abu Bakr's fiscal policy. Only one of these men, Malik b. Nuwayra. is reported to have been killed, despite his claim that he was not an apostate. All of the remaining five men were captured and pardoned by Abu Bakr, and two of them later played a role in the victory at Qadisiya against the Sasanids. Abu Bakr even married his sister Umm Farawa bint Abi Quhafa to the powerful Yemeni rebel al-Ash-ath b. Qays. who later served with distinction at the battle of Niha vand. Qays b. Makshub, who killed at least two Muslims in the riddo wars, was forgiven by Abu Bakr over Umar's objections. 'Uyayna b. Hisn. who had lied to the prophet during the campaign against Al Taif was "brought back to Islam" by the words of Abu Bakr despite having joined Tulayha's prophetic challenge. The third episode of intra-Moslem violence involved various members of the "pious opposition" Uthman's policies and the Egyptian delegation, some of whose partisans ultimately murdered him. The most flagrant confrontations include the beating of Abdallah b. Masud and Ammar b. Yasir, as well as the banishment of Abo Dharr al Ghifarri to Ribadha. Uthman's harsh treatment of these early sahaba was publicly condemned by Aisha; other sahaba who stirred up protests against the caliph included Talha b. Ubayd Allah and Amr b. As.4 Abdel al Rahman b. Awf, the sahabi on the shura who essentially appointed Uthman as Umar's successor, stipulated that Uthman was not to lead his funeral prayers, a request that was later honoured in

Feasibility Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Feasibility Report - Essay Example This trend is supported by the increasing demand of the tablets from the emerging markets around the world. In the study, many people revealed their preference to tablets to be based on its user-friendly nature, classiness and convenience. According to Richard Shim, an analyst and a member of the team who conducted the research, consumers continuously shift towards mobile computing against the traditional notebook, a trend that has picked up well in mature markets around the world. For example, tablet PCs are expected to grow by annual average of 28% in the next 5 years within the mature markets of United States, Japan, and West Europe. The challenge for HP is to ensure it manufacture tablets that are sleek and trendy, which will resonate with the increasingly trendy consumer. In a market where internet business giants such as Google and Microsoft have taken by storm through their flagship tablets in the market, it is logical to note that any failure by the HP to embrace the tablet m arket will deal a big blow to its market share. The strategy is to ensure the company maintains or improve its 16% market share around the global consumption of PC usage. Problem statement: While many tablet manufacturers have concentrated their tablet market share within the established or rather mature markets, HP has not involved itself in the manufacturing of tablets despite the growing trend in the tablet PC usage around the world. Companies such as Apple, Samsung, Microsoft, and Google have consolidated their market share in the tablet PC manufacturing, leaving HP still struggling with its notebook PCs. A point to note, however, is that many of these companies only focus their products towards mature markets. This trend leaves the gap in the emerging markets, which are expected to grow in equal measure in the projected year. HP can take a leap into the emerging markets, which seem to be catching up with the established markets in the tablet PC usage on a daily basis. However, this should not mean that HP needs to ignore the mature markets, which sets trends for the emerging markets. The company, however, can develop cheap but classy tablets to match the buying trends in emerging markets. A proper study, however, will be needed to ensure a pricing criteria, design and consumption trend is established. The goal of this study is to establish the consumption trend, both in the mature as well as emerging markets. Methodology: The research will largely be an internet based, and phone calls. This study will involve web searches on what customers of competitors say on online forums, design online questionnaires, as well as feedback forms for HP notebook users. This strategy will ensure that information about the established and emerging markets are defined, the customers’ behaviours, and the future business prospects of both markets. This research will include acquiring of products information, analysis of the existing brands, profiling of the users psych ology, and geographical information. Document Specification: Project description Windows 8 application has been used by different firms in enhancing both their mobile and tablet applications. This has been the case through combination with other apps to suite needs of the company. For instance, PageSuite is one of the firms that have integrated Windows 8 with other applications to suite

Curriculum design and development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Curriculum design and development - Essay Example It must be designed to meet specific goals that are evaluated towards setting a concrete foundation in knowledge, skills, understanding and values in all fields of work2. This document provides a proposal of changes and addition of some new information to the MAF of Orthodontic Therapy training. The new changes are meant to cater for new developments in technology and incorporate research based proven techniques that work to develop learners with capability of meeting the diversity seen in the current job market. As seen from the module descriptor, the MAF does not incorporate a relationship with any other module in the field of education. This means the entire course is just taught based on knowledge applied in the field without the consideration of other important courses that can add value to the professionalism of a student. The course descriptor lacks the element of diversity that is highly required in the current society that demands more than skills from individuals3. As seen from among the aims of the paper, the training offered aims to train individuals ready to accept professionalism through appreciating responsibility for contribution to high quality and effective care. However, the descriptor does not provide any measures to ensure that this aim is met. Relationship with other Modules In the proposed new model, there is proposal to create a relationship between this course and the study of professionalism and ethics. The expectations of the society are constantly changing and this necessitates that learners are subjected to a wide set of adaptive skills and values that will guide them to meeting these changing expectations. The integration of teaching ethics and codes of conduct will help students develop professional responsibility in all that they do4. By knowing the expectations of the people they will be serving, they will be able handle the needs of the people dependent on them such as pain management. Basically, a good curriculum should includ e the development of ethical behaviors among the trainees. This involves the willingness, capacity and determination to think and make judgments that will work for the good of the people they serve5. This will not be instilled through experience but needs to be incorporated in the curriculum design of the module of the institution for students to understand and act in accordance to ethical and moral principles6. This is the reason for proposing the inclusion of a relationship between Orthodontic training and Professional Ethics as relates to the field. A link must be created between this two learning areas to ensure students develop competency as they learn technical skills. Aims The aims of the course have been modified to incorporate the strategy of group work. This should be incorporated into the MAF to drive teaching and learning towards a cooperative learning system. This system of teaching will encourage small groups of students to work together in order to achieve a common go al. The curriculum must ensure to incorporate both the student and the faculty in the process of learning and sharing knowledge as this will prepare the students to doing the same in the future7. Knowledge sharing is an important aspect in the job field as it ensures the creation and distribution of new knowledge and this eventually helps ensure higher performance8. The instructors must understand how

Is there a relationship between early education and the development of Research Proposal

Is there a relationship between early education and the development of social and emotional skills of children - Research Proposal Example Also, self perceptions about some attributes are formed by values placed on such attributes by a culture or society (Szente). The literature findings supports how early education is effective at laying a solid foundation for later success and increases school readiness. A study will be conducted to find out if children who experience early education have better social and emotional skills than their counterparts who did not have preschool education. This topic is of importance to me as a previous early educator and future School Counselor because it is noticed that because of the current wave of accountability, it appears that developmentally appropriate practice in the early years which includes social and emotional skills are not receiving much emphasis. Children need the ability to communicate emotions effectively and to listen to instructions. Children need the skills to solve problems. Research has established that preschoolers and the other educational settings are vital to the psychosocial, ethical and moral development of children (Paccione-Dyslewski & Boekamp, 2005). How can every child be exposed to have a positive experience through a model from parents, guardians, caregivers, and teachers? According to Szente (2007), a positive experience can lead children to move in positive directions while an abusive experience will create barriers for future success. The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between early education and the development of social and emotional skills in young children. This study will be conducted through observations of students in kindergarten and first grade classrooms in a title 1 school. Teachers and parents will be interviewed. This is an attempt to find out if emotional and social skills improve student’s achievement in grade school. The hope is to add to the research about quality early education that addresses the full range of social, emotional and academic

Health Sciences and Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Health Sciences and Medicine - Essay Example Students who pursue health and medicine courses were positively perceived as academic elites who deserved respect. I joined the institution knowing exactly what I wanted at the end of my studies and this enabled me to set my goals with utmost precision and clarity. Reflection, an introspective evaluation of the past experiences, achievements and challenges would be the best way to assess the academic progress so far (Jasper, et.al, 2013: 110). This academic year has stood out with many activities and experiences that have significantly impacted on my social and academic life through the journey towards achieving my educational goals. The fact that the institution provides a course outline early enough enables students to psychologically prepare for the oncoming course tasks. The reality of academic pursuit is personalized when one is issued with a course outline. I personally felt the challenge to start my course studies early enough and prior to the instructor’s commencement so I may be best placed to understand the concepts. Attributably, the good progress so far this academic year is as a result of strengths in my personality that have worked to my academic advantage. In an environment where time is far more precious, excellent time management skills have undoubtedly favoured me. I remember, sometime back, how much I struggled waking up early in the morning to prepare for the day. Although intrinsically I rated highly in general time management scale, waking up early in the morning was a daunting task.

He media present news differently depending on the ideology of each Term Paper

He media present news differently depending on the ideology of each company - Term Paper Example is a hint of consistently presenting news stories in a certain way, or favorable to a particular viewpoint, or how the news is slanted to fit a political agenda or the wishes of the owners but often never to give the news straight to the viewers, readers, and the consuming public the news as it is. The general perception is that most journalists hold left-of-center views on a number of social issues such as abortion, gay rights, gun rights, affirmative action, race issues, and environmental issues, to name just a few. Even the selection and exclusion of news stories can reflect this bias. Media outlets and news organizations are composed of people; it is the perception most journalists generally hold liberal or progressive (leftist) views on a good number of social issues as mentioned above, but are more conservative when it comes to economic issues, and with a majority of them holding the centrist position when it comes to political orientations. In other words, majority of media organizations have left-of-center leanings not mainly because of any or conscious intention of being left on the political spectrum but it just happened by a coincidence most like-minded individuals ended up choosing the same profession which is in the news room. Whatever, the attitudes of journalists are reflected in their news coverage to a liberal direction. The way a media organization presents the news can be illustrated by its coverage of big news events. An example of this was the just-recently concluded Asian tour of President Obama which took him to four countries, namely Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, and the Philippines. It is a revealing way by which a news media outlet presents this particular news coverage and its own interpretation of its significance to American global supremacy, especially on foreign policies. A careful reading of the news story in a particular media outlet and the background of that outlet will show how its coverage, opinion, and presentation of that

Ohms law Essay Example for Free

Ohms law Essay Predictions 1. The longer the wire, the more it will resist the flow of electrons 2. The wider the wire the less resistance it shall have. 3. Copper will be the wire which has the less resistance. 4. The different types of wire will have different levels of resistance. Accuracy I am intending to also get a reading for the length zero also using the crocodile clips and keeping the circuit identical. This shall be my control. I suspect that there will be resistance both in the circuit wires and in the multimeters. This will mean that the values obtained for resistance of the wire shall be slightly too high. By subtracting the resistance value of the circuit wire from the resistance calculations I will get a more accurate set of results. Also as I intend to draw a best fit line for my results, if all the points are slightly too high the gradient will be dramatically altered. The way in which the readings are being taken is designed so that the readings are random but in an orderly way so that I can spot any mistakes. Method Method used The method used was identical to that explained under the planning section, above. The results (i. e. readings on the multimeters), were taken down and put into tables. The results were as follows: Results For nickel chromium wire, SWG 30 Length (cm) Width (mm) Current Readings (Amps) Voltage Readings (Volts) T3Length (cm) Width (mm) Current Readings (Amps) Voltage Readings (Volts) For nickel chromium wire, SWG 22 Length (cm) Width (mm) Current Readings (Amps) Voltage Readings (Volts) For copper wire, swg 30 Length (cm) Width (mm) Current Readings (Amps) Voltage Readings (Volts) Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Ave. Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Ave. For constantan wire, swg 30 Length (cm) Width (mm). Current Readings (Amps) Voltage Readings (Volts) For manganane wire, swg 30 Length (cm) Width (mm) Current Readings (Amps) Voltage Readings (Volts) Resistance values For Nickel Chromium Wire, SWG 30 Length (cm) Current (A) Voltage (V) Resistance (? )For Nickel Chromium Wire, SWG 28 Length (cm) Current (A) Voltage (V) Resistance (? ) For Nickel Chromium Wire, SWG 24 Length (cm) Current (A) Voltage (V)Resistance (? ) Patterns and trends It can be quite clearly seen in most of my results that when a graph of length and resistance are plotted the result is a straight line. In my case I have obtained a scatter graph with a very strong positive correlation. In graph 1 It can be seen that there are four straight lines passing through the origin. These straight lines are the values for Nickel Chromium at different gauges. The gauge values are as follows: Gauge Diameter (mm)Â   graph two, it can seen that this is not a relationship of direct proportionality as the correlation doesnt point towards the origin. Also from graph one, it can be seen that the resistance increases as the length does. All these lines are straight and they all pass through the origin, so I think it is appropriate to conclude that Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the wire. Finally it can be seen from graph three that the resistance in different types of wire varies according to the type. Keeping the gauge constant this was tested and the results were as follows: Nickel Chromium is the most resistant, Manganane is the second most resistance, Constantan is third, And the least resistant is copper. All the evidence her proves that my results agree with my hypothesis. (c. f. section P). Evaluation Reliability The reliability of these results is quite good. This is because the procedure is relatively straight forward, and the numbers are not difficult to record. I think the results are certainly reliable enough to support both of my conclusions firmly. Anomalus results. There are a few anomalus results throughout the experiment. The resistance values in the table are not always increasing, and this is not always occurring at a steady rate. Good example of which are the readings for 40 and 50 cm on the copper wire. I think that this is just a mistake in taking down the results or possibly we didnt wait foe the voltmeter to stabilize. Experimental errors These could include many things, the most likely of which are a short circuit, The wire may have heated up causing less resistance, and the readings on the multimeters could have been inaccurate. Further work This could include finding a more varied set of results, testing more types of wires. It could also include taking more readings to get better averages. I would suggest using all the rest of the equipment in the same way. Also one could try to investigate temperature changes by using insulated wires and a tray of cold/warm or hot water. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

Portable Banking Advantages and Disadvantages

Portable Banking Advantages and Disadvantages Introduction: Portable Banking is a keeping money handle without bank office which gives monetary administrations to unbanked groups effectively and at reasonable cost. To give managing an account and money related administrations through versatile innovation gadgets i.e. portable or phone called Mobile Banking. Versatile saving money (otherwise called M-Banking, or SMS Banking) is a term utilized for performing parity checks, account exchanges, installments, credit applications and other saving money exchange through a cell phone, for example, cell phone. The framework comprises to pull back cash as well as to exchange cash inside a brief span. This can be led through the web program on the telephone, through a program downloaded from the bank, or by short-informing administration (SMS). Clients in the event that they have cell phone and are enrolled for this can benefit managing an account benefit through utilizing it. Versatile Banking has expanded portability in the keeping money business and it spares time and cost of the customers and bank. The soonest portable managing an account administrations were offered by means of SMS. Versatile Banking alludes to an arrangement and infirmity of saving money and budgetary administrations with the assistance of portable media transmission gadgets Objective of the mobile banking Versatile Banking is a saving money handle without bank office which gives monetary administrations to unbanked groups proficiently and at moderate cost. To give managing an account and money related administrations through versatile innovation gadgets i.e. portable or PDA called Mobile Banking. Portable saving money (otherwise called M-Banking, or SMS Banking) is a term utilized for performing equalization checks, account exchanges, installments, credit applications and other saving money exchange through a cell phone, for example, cell phone. The framework comprises to pull back cash as well as to exchange cash inside a brief timeframe. This can be directed through the web program on the telephone, through a program downloaded from the bank, or by short-informing administration (SMS). Clients on the off chance that they have cell phone and are enlisted for this can benefit saving money benefit through utilizing it. Versatile Banking has expanded portability in the keeping money bus iness and it spares time and cost of the customers and bank. The most punctual portable managing an account administrations were offered through SMS. Portable Banking alludes to an arrangement and disease of saving money and budgetary administrations with the assistance of versatile media transmission gadgets List of mobile Banking: SL.NO Bank Name Product Name 01 Dutch Bangla bank limited (DBBL) Rocket 02 BRAC bank limited Bkash 03 Prime bank limited Easy cash 04 Islamic bank Bangladesh limited mCash 05 Trust bank Mobile money 06 National credit and commerce bank limited Sure cash 07 Bank Asia limited Mobile banking 08 Dhaka bank SMS banking 09 Mercantile bank my cash 10 AB bank SMS banking 11 South east bank SMS banking 12 First security Islamic bank Sure cash 13 Bangladesh commerce bank Sure cash 14 United commercial bank Ucash 15 One bank limited ok Trends in mobile banking:      Ã‚   Versatile Banking is a keeping money prepare without bank office which gives budgetary administrations to unbanked groups productively and at moderate cost. To give managing an account and monetary administrations through portable innovation gadgets i.e. portable or wireless called Mobile Banking. Versatile managing an account (otherwise called M-Banking, or SMS Banking) is a term utilized for performing equalization checks, account exchanges, installments, credit applications and other saving money exchange through a cell phone, for example, cell phone. The framework comprises to pull back cash as well as to exchange cash inside a brief span. This can be led through the web program on the telephone, through a program downloaded from the bank, or by short-informing administration (SMS). Clients on the off chance that they have cell phone and are enrolled for this can benefit keeping money benefit throughOver the most recent couple of years, the portable and remote market has been one of the quickest developing markets on the planet and it is as yet developing at a fast pace. As per the GSM Association and Ovum, the quantity of versatile endorsers surpassed 2 billion in September 2005, and now surpasses 2.5 billion (of which more than 2 billion are GSM). As per a review by monetary consultancy Client, 35% of internet keeping money families will utilize versatile managing an account by 2010, up from under 1% today. Upwards of 70% of bank focus call volume is anticipated to originate from cell phones. Portable saving money will in the long run permit clients to make installments at the physical purpose of offer. Versatile contact less installments will reach less market by 2010. Another review from 2010 by Berg Insight figures that the quantity of portable keeping money clients in the US will develop from 12 million in 2009 to 86 million in 2015. A similar review likewise predicts that the European market will develop from 7 million versatile managing an account clients in 2009 to 115 million clients in 2015. Many trust that portable clients have quite recently begun to completely use the information capacities in their cell phones. In Asian nations like India, China, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Philippines, where versatile foundation is nearly superior to the settled line framework, and in European nations, where cell phone entrance is high (no less than 80% of purchasers utilize a cell phone), portable managing an account is probably going to offer significantly more. utilizing it. Versatile Banking has expanded portability in the managing an account business and it spares time and cost of the customers and bank. The most punctual portable saving money administrations were offered by means of SMS. Versatile Banking alludes to an arrangement and sickness of keeping money and monetary administrations with the assistance of portable media transmission gadgets Classify mobile banking based on the nature of the service: Exchange based administrations, for example, an assets exchange or a bill installment, include development of assets starting with one source then onto the next. o Inquiry-based administrations dont. They basically require a reaction to a client inquiry. The outline beneath abridges these different sorts of versatile managing an account administrations: Pull Transaction Funds transfer Bill payment Share trade Check order Push Inquiry Minimum balance alert Credit/debit alert Bill payment alert Account balance inquiry Account statement inquiry Check status inquiry Transaction history Obviously, push exchanges are not as perplexing as their force partners. Portable keeping money arrangements additionally differ in their level of many-sided quality, and some lone offer a small amount of the administrations you would discover in a blocks and-mortar branch. In this regard, versatile keeping money isnt generally full administration managing an account. The variables that influence this are the kind of telephone being utilized, the administration plan of the versatile endorser and the innovation system of the bank. Weà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ll take a gander at these advancements next. History of Mobile Banking in Bangladesh Late improvements have significantly adjusted the saving money scene and changed the connections amongst banks and their clients. This is making it more troublesome for banks to hold resources, secure new stores, strategically pitch items or get new clients. Clients are wanting to remain fundamentally associated with their records, however that is driving up the cost to administration them. Be that as it may, conventional association channels, including most portable saving money arrangements, are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾customer reactiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸. Regardless of whether they have an enquiry or require benefit, clients must start contact with the bank. Dutch-Bangla Bank Limited (DBBL) has interestingly presented its portable managing an account benefit extending the saving money benefit from urban communities to remote ranges. Bangladesh Bank Governor Atiur Rahman initiated the administration by keeping Tk 2,000 and pulling back Tk 1,500 through Banglalink and Citycell versatile systems in Motijheel range. Bangladesh Bank has as of now permitted 10 banks to start portable managing an account. Of them DBBL commenced first. Mobile managing an account is a contrasting option to the customary keeping money through which saving money administration can be come to at the doorsteps of the denied segment of the general public, the national bank senator said at an inaugural. squeeze instructions at Hotel Purbani. Atiur Rahman said through portable saving money different keeping money administrations including storing and pulling back cash, installment of service bills and achieving settlement to the beneficiary would be conceivable. By setting off to the DBBL-endorsed Citycell and Banglalink operators all through the nation the supporters on demonstrating essential papers and installment of a charge of Tk 10 can open a record. To benefit of the managing an account administration an endorser will require owning a PDA of any supplier and he will be given a four-digit PIN. By utilizing the PIN he can work a wide range of managing an account administrations including storing and pulling back cash keeping up security and mystery of his record. The client will hand over money to the specialist and the operator will start the exchange from his cell phone, the operator will assist the record holder with doing the keeping money utilizing his PIN. A client can sto re or pull back cash five times each day and he can store or draw Tk 5,000 every day. One percent of the exchange record or Tk 5, whichever is higher, will be taken as trade out charges. If there should be an occurrence of money out the charge will be 2 percent of the exchange sum or Tk 10. Be that as it may, the enrollment expense, compensation and settlement dispensing administrations will be without given of cost. BRAC Bank Limited is set to present versatile keeping money also, a top authority said the administration will empower a large number of managed an account and unbanked individuals to store, pull back and exchange cash through cell phones. BKash, a joint wander between BRAC Bank and US-based Money in Motion, will give versatile managing an account a completely encoded VISA innovation stage for exchanges through cell phones. Any portable client can enlist and open up a bKash record and after that do exchanges through their cell phones in simple, helpful and dependable way. bKash will in a general sense change the way individuals now do exchanges, as all exchanges will be conceivable through cell phones in future, said Syed Mahbubur Rahman, overseeing executive of the bank. Clients wont have to go to the bank; rather the bank will go to them, he said at a question and answer session in Dhaka on the event of its tenth establishing commemoration. The bank said a bKash record will go abou t as a computerized portable wallet and anyone can take the administration. Your cell phone will turn into your wallet. Clients can get money related administrations through telephones, even by the handset that expenses the most reduced, Rahman said. Under an association with UNDP and Local Government Division, bKash is taking off versatile keeping money in 4,501 union parishads in the nation. bKash has effectively marked an arrangement with a main versatile administrator and is in chats with others to empower every portable client at present around 7.5 crore to have individual advanced wallets, said Mamdudur Rashid, delegate overseeing chief of the bank. BRAC Bank propelled its operation 10 years back with the goal of bringing unbanked individuals under formal saving money scope. The plan of action of the bank is to assemble stores from urban ranges and dispense it to provincial zones. The nations most youthful bank has officially set a few records: it has gained more than 12 lak h clients, conveying full managing an account administrations to little and medium ventures, as well as all strata of the saving money industry, said the bank Being the most youthful Bangladeshi bank, we have developed as the biggest SME bank serving around 3.65 lakh business visionaries at grassroots level, an accomplishment that helped worldwide acknowledgment for this Bangladeshi bank, said Rashid The bank puts stock in 3P theory individuals, planet and benefit and has been dynamic in Green keeping money. It has officially turned 22 of its SME Unit Offices sun powered fueled and plans to change over the rest in a similar way by 2012 Advantages of Mobile Banking Individuals utilize versatile saving money as on the grounds that Mobile keeping money offers many points of interest, for example, great security, simple get to and abundant applications for advanced cells. , leader of Javelin Strategy and Research in Pleasanton, Calif. You dont have Internet associations wherever you go. In any case, you do have a portable association. Utilizing portable managing an account people can check all the more effortlessly record adjust from anyplace they are and at any minute. The drawback is that versatile saving money isnt tantamount to it could be. The reason, many administrations are really fundamental. Individuals utilize it to check adjusts and screen funds. Generally, its an expand to the Internet.Reduce cost of touch service: realize tremendous savings by deferring expenses from contact centers or IVRs to the more cost-effective mobile channel. Maximize trust customer retention: increase loyalty by giving customers unprecedented control over their accounts, billing and overall financial health. Drive cross-sell opportunities: deliver cross-sell marketing messages to customers easily and inexpensively via proactive, actionable alerts. Lower total cost of ownership: utilize Mobile across multiple lines of business at the bank (retail, wholesale/treasury, card services, etc.) Expand traditional online banking: offer more services by integrating Mobile into existing online banking systems, including the Portal solutions and other 3rd party applications. Disadvantages of Mobile Banking Security Security specialists for the most part concur that versatile keeping money is more secure than PC saving money on the grounds that not very many infections and Trojans exist for telephones. That does not mean portable keeping money is safe to security dangers, in any case. Portable clients are particularly powerless to a phishing-like trick called smishing. It happens when a versatile keeping money client gets a fake instant message requesting ledger points of interest from a programmer acting like a budgetary foundation. Many individuals have succumbed to this trap and had cash stolen through this trick. Web based managing an account is generally done through an encoded association with the goal that programmers cant read transmitted information, yet consider the results if your cell phone is stolen. While all keeping money applications oblige you to enter a secret word or PIN, many individuals design their cell phones to spare passwords, or utilize uncertain passwords and PINs that are anything but difficult to figure. Compatibility We require an advanced cell to get the most out of versatile keeping money. Versatile saving money is not accessible on each gadget. A few banks dont give versatile saving money by any means. Others oblige you to utilize a custom versatile managing an account application just accessible on the most prevalent advanced cells, for example, the Apple iPhone and RIM Blackberry. Outsider portable managing an account programming is not generally upheld. In the event that you dont possess a PDA, the sorts of portable keeping money you can do are normally constrained. Checking financial balance equalization by means of instant message is not an issue, but rather more propelled components, for example, account exchanges are for the most part not accessible to clients of stupid telephones. Cost The cost of versatile saving money wont not seem noteworthy on the off chance that you as of now have a perfect gadget, however despite everything you have to pay information and content informing charges. Some budgetary establishments charge an additional expense for portable managing an account administration, and you may need to pay an expense for programming. These additional energizes rapidly include, particularly on the off chance that you get to versatile managing an account. Prospect of Mobile Banking in Bangladesh Portable Banking is a procedure of no branch saving money which gives budgetary administrations to unbanked groups in both urban and country region at moderate cost. The point of the administration is not to wreck branch keeping money but rather to bring those individuals under the umbrella of managing an account administration that are far from saving money offices. Government supposes it has an extraordinary prospect as it is another innovation in computerized Bangladesh. Through M-saving money one can profit different administrations i.e.; service charge installment, Fund Transfer, Shopping, Cash Withdrawn from chose ATM or Cash point and numerous all the more energizing offices. Be that as it may, in Bangladesh many individuals think generally, on the grounds that they cant think it has any office to utilization of portable managing an account. SWOT Analysis of mobile Banking To discover the suitability of a specific item we may play out a SWOT Analysis of the item. This will break down the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges of the specific item. For dissecting the execution of Mobile Banking in Bangladesh the SWOT Analysis is considered. Strengths Portable Banking is new in our economy. Just a couple banks are presently offering this administration. Through Internet Banking Most of the banks are putting forth just adjust data. Real store exchange and reserve payment is impractical in every one of the banks that are putting forth web saving money administrations. So this item will appreciate the advantage of a first mover. It is shabby both for the banks and the clients. The bank will have the capacity to let down the overhead expenses and make more benefit out of it. The clients will have the capacity to spare time and in addition cash for their exchange needs. Portable Banking an Emerging Issue in Bangladesh 125. Numerous destitute individuals as of now have admittance to cell phones. A positive part of cell phones is that portable systems can achieve remote ranges effortlessly. The poor frequently have more prominent nature and trust with cell phone organizations. Weaknesses The framework will have an issue with the distinguishing proof of the person who is starting the exchange. In Bangladesh, the recognizable proof of an individual is not yet bolstered carefully. So there might be an issue in moving toward versatile keeping money time. Opportunities Non-branch managing an account is getting to be distinctly mainstream in our nation. Many banks are currently offering non branch saving money offices. A man can pull back or store cash in any branch of the bank he has account with. So moving to portable managing an account will permit the banks to offer non-branch keeping money offices. Cell phone is turning out to be extremely regular to us. So an administration offered through the cell phone will be generally acknowledged sooner rather than later. Threat Individuals have worry about security and protection. They get a kick out of the chance to feel their cash with their hand. They really dont have faith in virtual cash exchange. Encourage progressively a portable handset may not effortlessly be worked to deal with saving money exchanges as a large portion of our kin dont have sound mechanical information. In the field of IT new innovation is coming regular. One which is exceptionally well known today may get out of date tomorrow. In this way, to have an aggressive edge over the contenders the banks should dependably refresh their administrations. In any case, the test is to make mindfulness and make it reasonable to potential customers. Features/Mobile Banking Services (In General): Mobile banking can offer services such as the following: Account Information: Mini-statements and checking of account history Alerts on account activity or passing of set thresholds à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‹Å" Monitoring of term deposits Access to loan statements Access to card statements Mutual funds / equity statements Insurance policy management Pension plan management Payment, Deposits, Withdrawals Transfers: Domestic and international fund transfers Micro-payment handling Mobile recharging Commercial payment processing Bill payment processing A specific sequence of SMS messages will enable the system to verify if the client has sufficient funds in his or her wallet and authorize a deposit or withdrawal transaction at the agent. When depositing money, the merchant receives cash and the system credits the clients bank account or mobile wallet. In the same way the client can also withdraw money at the merchant: through exchanging sms to provide authorization, the merchant hands the client cash and debits the merchants account. 3) Investments: Portfolio management services Real-time stock quotes Personalized alerts and notifications on security prices 4) Support: Status of requests for credit, including mortgage approval, and insurance coverage Check (cheque) book and card requests Exchange of data messages and email, including complaint submission and tracking 5) Content Services: General information such as weather updates, news Loyalty-related offers Location-based services Based on a survey conducted by Forrester, mobile banking will be attractive mainly to the younger, more tech-savvy customer segment. A third of mobile phone users say that they may consider performing some kind of financial transaction through their mobile phone. But most of the users are interested in performing basic transactions such as querying for account balance and making bill payment. Mobile banking saves cost and time: The vast majority of your members contended that since portable managing an account is an ongoing on-line keeping money benefit, it is accessible at whatever time, anyplace all through the nation. So it can spare ones opportunity. Individuals have not to hold up by remaining in a long line so it requires less investment than the customary keeping money. For instance, one of the members Khalid Hasan (a University understudy) noticed the accompanying: I am a consistent client of versatile saving money. I live outside of my home for study. Presently I can get cash from my family at whatever point I need. Beforehand regardless of the possibility that I required it on crisis premise however it required some investment to achieve the cash to me. Presently it turns out to be so natural to get the cash quickly when it is pressing. Same contention we found from the majority of the members. For instance, Johra Khatun (a tea stallowner) says that beforehand it was truly extremely intense to send cash to her dad and family in the town yet now with the assistance of versatile managing an account she can do that at whatever point she need and furthermore spare cash. Fatema Begum (an articles of clothing laborer) says that Before I utilize versatile saving money I experienced difficulty in sending cash to my town to bolster my folks and little girl who has been living with her grandparents since I got separated 5years prior. Presently I can send cash to them with no bother. Ease of use: Portable keeping money framework is anything but difficult to utilize. Needy individuals are regularly not considered significant clients by the formal monetary segment as their exchange sizes are little, and many live in remote zones past the scope of banks branch systems. Casual keeping money administrations, for example, microfinance and town funds and credit affiliations stay restricted in their compass. Along these lines, versatile saving money framework creates to bring needy individuals into keeping money framework. Along these lines versatile saving money helps monetary incorporation which is another exploration theme for creative scientists. For instance, our members JohraKhatun say: I run a cafà © and send cash to my dad in the town in consistently. My dad has no wellspring of salary and no ledger, the portable cash exchange framework is a help for him. Versatile keeping money has brought us under the managing an account administrations. With the assistance of this, destitute individuals like us have the chance to get the managing an account offices all the more effectively. Socio-economic development: Portable saving money helps a ton in expanding the portability of cash. With the assistance of this administration saving money office has come to the remote territories of the nation. Country individuals are getting settlement so effortlessly with no bother and can utilize that cash rapidly for their work. It helps a considerable measure for the advancement of financial state of the general population of Bangladesh. For instance, it lessens neediness by diverting the cash exchange rapidly and advantageously. Fatema Begum (an articles of clothing specialist) says: I work in a pieces of clothing manufacturing plant. Presently a-days the greater part of the manufacturing plant pays compensation to their laborers through versatile managing an account and for that they can send that cash promptly to their family living in towns and they can utilize that cash immediately. They can spare that cash in their own particular versatile saving money account. Already when we got our pay close by there was an opportunity to utilize that cash superfluously yet now we can spare and it turns out to be so natural. Problems in Mobile Banking so far: A portion of the respondents surmise that there are a few issues with versatile saving money. Security has been one of the major basic focuses for versatile saving money. Concern has dependably been communicated by different partners with respect to security of this framework. For instance, one of our members contended that he confronted a few issues while utilizing versatile managing an account administrations. For example, he cant revive his cell phone of other portable administrators by utilizing his own versatile keeping money account. So he needs one more record which he supposes cumbersome. Another issue is one cant pull back under 500 tk from operators. One cant send or get more than 30,000 tk in a day or on the off chance that they get that tremendous sum it doesnt know the specialists can give that quite a bit of cash quickly. There is likewise an opportunity to be trailed by individuals when you will come back with an immense measure of cash from the operator and that may b ring about ones life under extreme danger of commandeering. Another member contended that one cant exchange cash starting with one administrator then onto the next administrator. One needs a similar record to send or get cash. He likewise conceives that portable managing an account can be an issue for uneducated one and furthermore for the general population who does not have their own particular record. Some of our members trust that there is a shot of duping by fake back rubs. Individuals send fake back rub that you have gotten a few sums in your record however you have not gotten that and get back to you to send that cash. Anybody can be a casualty of that trick. From the specialists perspective they trust that the commission they are currently getting is almost no and this should be expanded considerably by the administrator banks. A few operators trust that the bank ought to build the commission for the specialist with the goal that they can take this as their primary business. Conclusion It has been expounded that the selection and utilization of cell phones is result of a social procedure, inserted in social practice. These days a great many tenants of Bangladesh are inside a system through portable system scope. M-saving money innovation, the most recent era of electronic managing an account exchanges has turned out to be a standout amongst the most recognizable keeping money highlights, opened up new window of chance to the current banks and budgetary foundations. So in the business segments like managing an account, m-keeping money innovation will get saving money offices hands hold which will make life less demanding, vigorous and adaptable. It is a pressing need to set approaches and procedures to switch holes regarding administrative and legitimate issues.

Seasonal Affective Disorder and its Effects :: Seasonal Affective Disorder Health Essays

Seasonal Affective Disorder and its Effects Why is it that in dark, cloudy weather I take on a gloomy personality? Why do suicide rates drastically increase during the winter months? Why is the overall student body at USC much happier than the average Mawrtyr? Why do I constantly find myself fatigued and lethargic when the weather outside is lousy? For one reason or another, I allow the whims of Mother Nature to determine how I think and feel. If I wake up and the sun is brightly shining through my window creating a beautiful mixture of dark and light shadows, I suddenly feel happy and look forward to the day ahead. On the other hand, if I wake up and look out onto another cloudy and cold day in February at Bryn Mawr, I have the aching desire to crawl back into bed and sleep the day away. I am not alone in that my mood and disposition are determined daily during those first few moments in which I am awake. In fact, this phenomenon is shared by many. The general feeling of winter depression coupled with normal mood in the summer has been around for centuries, but it was not until the 1980s that it was characterized as a type of clinical depression (1). Psychologists have long been studying the effects of what they now refer to as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), the biological condition associated with changes in weather patterns. Can Seasonal Affective Disorder be considered a true medical condition? Everyone reacts to the changing seasons with corresponding changes in mood and behavior, but some experience more severe symptoms which alter their whole way of life. The symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder tend to first appear in late September when the days get shorter and the temperatures drop, and last until April or May. Seasonal Affective Disorder is characterized by recurring periods of depression lasting for at least two successive years of seasonal change (2). Other symptoms include a voracious appetite involving a high carbohydrate craving and accompanied by a 10-20 pound weight gain, sleep problems, memory loss, suicidal thoughts, problems concentrating, and an overall lack of interest in or enjoyment of activities. Unlike other forms of clinical depression, Seasonal Affective Disorder involves the cyclical pattern of depression that comes as the amount of daylight hours decrease and disappears as the days get longer (1). SAD patients often have hypersomnia during the winter and become manic or hyperactive in the spring.

Navaids in Aviation :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How would pilots ever get around so easily without the help of navigation aides? Navigational aides have been around for almost as long as aircraft have been flying in the skies above us. The first navigation system was composted of just a high intensity-flashing beacon. These beacons were placed on the flight routes that were popularly flown in the mid 1920’s. With more time more of these technologies that help us navigate the world will be even simpler than today. This paper will explain how some navigational aides work and how some of them came into existence. Flight Management Systems Flight management systems are one of the best navaids in commercial aviation. The flight management system (FMS) is made up of four systems in an aircraft, the FMC (flight management computer), the autopilot and flight director, the auto throttle, and the IRS’s. According to Boeing the FMS could be defined as, being capable of four dimensional area navigation (latitude, longitude, altitude, and time), while optimizing performance to achieve the most economical flight possible. The flight management system can give you gross weight of the aircraft, and the best speeds (i.e. holding, approach, climb, cruise, descent, etc†¦) by taking inputs from the fuel summation unit when it is given the zero fuel weight and the MACTOW (mean aerodynamic cord at takeoff weight). The position of the aircraft can also be determined by referencing the IRS, along with GPS and the radio position updating. Global Positioning Systems GPS is a navigational aid that is satellite based. It is made up of a network of 24 satellites in orbit around the world. The first satellite was launched in 1978 and the last was put into orbit in 1994. Every 10 years another satellite is put into orbit because each satellite is made to last that amount of time. The system began as a military application but in the 1980’s the government decided to make it available to everyone, anywhere, anytime. The system finds your position by measuring the time it takes to receive the signal back to the satellite. It then does that with other satellites to triangulate your position in relation to the earth. To calculate a position in 2D the system has to be locked on to at least three satellites, but for a 3D representation you need to be locked on to at least 4 satellites. Once the position is found the GPS can calculate much more info like speed, bearing, track, distance, etc†¦ The GPS system is very accurate; Garmin (a leader in G PS technology) states that their newest receiver is accurate up to an average of 15 meters.

The Uncertainty Of Perception :: essays research papers

The Uncertainty of Perception "Seeing conditions what we believe†¦believing conditions what we see." This observation is the core of society and the substratum of human behavior. Psychological studies have reinforced and proven theories involving the conditioning of humans. However, failure lies in the attempt to assign the causes to a single concept. Among the vast influences for human behavior is our tendency to see what our beliefs would have us to, and hence, believe only what we happen to see. Obviously, my previous statement only obfuscates our attempt to comprehend the intended notion. In order to attain total understanding of the profound thought the quotation develops, I will attempt to analyze and apply it to my experience and knowledge of conditioning. Primarily, I need a concise interpretation of the idea. The contextual definition of see is "to perceive by the eye." Unfortunately, sight, is only one of five senses. Even worse, the images we see through our eyes are s tatistically only one-millionth of our actual reality. Therefore, anything we see is not the entire being or actuality of the world around us but instead a finite perception (by means of vision) of the universe. The technical definition of the other key term, belief, is "a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing." In context, I will use the typical philosopher's definition and define belief as "the unthinking acceptance of an idea or system of ideas." Philosophically, belief is "blind" and is described as "the process of making a commitment to an idea in order to make that idea work for you." In a selfish sense, it is the process of making ideas true. Transitionally, the quotation can be interpreted as "Our finite perception of reality determines what we will accept as the truth, and what we view as the truth will alter our already limited perceptions of life." Although wordy, a better co nnotation is produced and the coherence of the concept is increased. "Well, now that we have seen each other," said the Unicorn, "if you believe in me, I'll believe in you. Is that a bargain?" writes Lewis Carroll in his piece, Through the Looking-Glass. The situation of the Unicorn and Man appears to be that neither believed in the other because they had never seen the other species, thus illustrating the age-old slogan "Seeing is believing." In today's modern society that maxim is evident. The Uncertainty Of Perception :: essays research papers The Uncertainty of Perception "Seeing conditions what we believe†¦believing conditions what we see." This observation is the core of society and the substratum of human behavior. Psychological studies have reinforced and proven theories involving the conditioning of humans. However, failure lies in the attempt to assign the causes to a single concept. Among the vast influences for human behavior is our tendency to see what our beliefs would have us to, and hence, believe only what we happen to see. Obviously, my previous statement only obfuscates our attempt to comprehend the intended notion. In order to attain total understanding of the profound thought the quotation develops, I will attempt to analyze and apply it to my experience and knowledge of conditioning. Primarily, I need a concise interpretation of the idea. The contextual definition of see is "to perceive by the eye." Unfortunately, sight, is only one of five senses. Even worse, the images we see through our eyes are s tatistically only one-millionth of our actual reality. Therefore, anything we see is not the entire being or actuality of the world around us but instead a finite perception (by means of vision) of the universe. The technical definition of the other key term, belief, is "a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing." In context, I will use the typical philosopher's definition and define belief as "the unthinking acceptance of an idea or system of ideas." Philosophically, belief is "blind" and is described as "the process of making a commitment to an idea in order to make that idea work for you." In a selfish sense, it is the process of making ideas true. Transitionally, the quotation can be interpreted as "Our finite perception of reality determines what we will accept as the truth, and what we view as the truth will alter our already limited perceptions of life." Although wordy, a better co nnotation is produced and the coherence of the concept is increased. "Well, now that we have seen each other," said the Unicorn, "if you believe in me, I'll believe in you. Is that a bargain?" writes Lewis Carroll in his piece, Through the Looking-Glass. The situation of the Unicorn and Man appears to be that neither believed in the other because they had never seen the other species, thus illustrating the age-old slogan "Seeing is believing." In today's modern society that maxim is evident.

Inflation Rate

Assignment On India’s Trend of Economic Growth and Employment (Since the year 1980 to2010) Submitted to DR. TAPAS KUMAR PAL Presented By * ARNABI BOSE (Roll- 1) * DIPA DAS (Roll- 10) * PURNAMRITA MALLICK (Roll- 3) * SWATI AGARWAL (Roll- 25) * TISTA BISWAS (Roll- 26) (MHROM 1st semester, Calcutta University) CHART SHOWING DATA OF NOMINAL & REAL GDP, GROWTH RATE, INFLATION & DEFLATION RATE AND EMPLOYMENT (PUBLIC & PRIVATE SECTOR) IN INDIA SINCE 1980 TO 2010 Year| NominalGDP(Rs. )| NominalGDP Growth Rate(%)| RealGDP(Rs. | RealGDP Growth Rate(%)| Deflator| InflationRate(%)| Public Sector(million)| PrivateSector(million)| Total Employment(million)| EmploymentRate(%)| 1980-81| 1368. 38| 19. 51| 7985. 06| 7. 21| 17. 14| 11. 51| 15. 48| 7. 40| 22. 88| 2. 3| 1981-82| 1602. 13| 17. 08| 8434. 26| 5. 63| 18. 99| 10. 79| 16. 28| 7. 53| 23. 81| 4. 06| 1982-83| 1789. 85| 11. 72| 8680. 91| 2. 92| 20. 62| 8. 58| 16. 75| 7. 39| 24. 14| 1. 38| 1983-84| 2093. 56| 16. 97| 9362. 69| 7. 85| 22. 36| 8. 43| 17. 22| 7. 36| 24. 58| 1. 82| 1984-85| 2351. 13| 12. 30| 9733. 57| 3. 96| 24. 15| 8. 00| 17. 58| 7. 43| 25. 01| 1. 4| 1985-86| 2627. 17| 11. 74| 10138. 66| 4. 16| 25. 91| 7. 28| 17. 68| 7. 37| 25. 05| 1. 71| 1986-87| 2929. 24| 11. 48| 10576. 12| 4. 31| 27. 69| 6. 86| 18. 24| 7. 39| 25. 63| 2. 31| 1987-88| 3320. 68| 13. 36| 10949. 92| 3. 53| 30. 32| 9. 49| 18. 32| 7. 39| 25. 71| 0. 31| 1988-89| 3962. 95| 19. 34| 12062. 43| 10. 16| 32. 85| 8. 34| 18. 51| 7. 45| 25. 96| 0. 97| 1989-90| 4565. 40| 15. 20| 12802. 28| 6. 13| 35. 66| 8. 55| 18. 77| 7. 58| 26. 35| 1. 50| 1990-91| 5318. 13| 16. 49| 13478. 89| 5. 29| 39. 45| 10. 62| 19. 06| 7. 68| 26. 74| 1. 48| 1991-92| 6135. 28| 15. 37| 13671. 71| 1. 3| 44. 87| 13. 73| 19. 21| 7. 85| 27. 06| 1. 19| 1992-93| 7037. 23| 14. 70| 14405. 03| 5. 36| 48. 85| 8. 87| 19. 33| 7. 85| 27. 18| 0. 44| 1993-94| 8197. 61| 16. 49| 15223. 43| 5. 68| 53. 85| 10. 23| 19. 45| 7. 93| 27. 38| 0. 73| 1994-95| 9553. 85| 16. 54| 16196. 94| 6. 39| 58. 98| 9. 52| 19. 47| 8. 06| 27. 53| 0. 54| 1995-96| 11185. 86| 17. 08| 17377. 40| 7. 29| 64. 37| 9. 13| 19. 43| 8. 51| 27. 94| 1. 48| 1996-97| 13017. 88| 16. 38| 18763. 19| 7. 97| 69. 38| 7. 78| 19. 56| 8. 69| 28. 25| 1. 10| 1997-98| 14476. 13| 11. 20| 19570. 31| 4. 30| 73. 97| 6. 61| 19. 42| 8. 75| 28. 17| 0. 8| Year| NominalGDP(billion)| NominalGDP Growth Rate(%)| RealGDP(billion)| RealGDP Growth Rate(%)| Deflator(%)| InflationRate(%)| Public Sector(million)| PrivateSector(million)| Total Employment(million)| EmploymentRate(%)| 1998-99| 16687. 39| 15. 28| 20878. 27| 6. 68| 79. 93| 8. 05| 19. 41| 8. 70| 28. 11| 0. 21| 1999-00| 18472. 73| 10. 70| 22462. 76| 7. 59| 82. 24| 2. 89| 19. 31| 8. 65| 27. 96| 0. 53| 2000-01| 19919. 82| 7. 83| 23427. 74| 4. 30| 85. 03| 3. 39| 19. 14| 8. 65| 27. 79| 0. 60| 2001-02| 21677. 45| 8. 82| 24720. 52| 5. 52| 87. 69| 3. 12| 18. 77| 8. 43| 27. 20| 2. 12| 2002-03| 23382. 00| 7. 86| 25706. 0| 3. 99| 90. 95| 3. 71| 18. 58| 8. 44| 27. 02| 0. 66| 2003-04| 26222. 16| 12 . 15| 27778. 13| 8. 06| 94. 39| 3. 78| 18. 20| 8. 25| 26. 45| 2. 10| 2004-05| 29714. 64| 13. 32| 29714. 64| 6. 97| 100| 5. 94| 18. 01| 8. 45| 26. 46| 0. 03| 2005-06| 33905. 03| 14. 10| 32530. 73| 9. 48| 104. 32| 4. 32| 18. 19| 8. 77| 26. 96| 1. 88| 2006-07| 39532. 76| 16. 60| 35643. 63| 9. 57| 110. 91| 6. 31| 18. 00| 9. 24| 27. 24| 1. 03| 2007-08| 45820. 86| 15. 91| 38966. 36| 9. 32| 117. 59| 6. 02| 17. 67| 9. 88| 27. 55| 1. 13| 2008-09| 53035. 67| 15. 75| 41586. 76| 6. 72| 127. 53| 8. 45| 17. 80| 10. 38| 28. 18| 2. 28| 2009-10| 60914. 5| 14. 86| 45076. 37| 8. 39| 135. 13| 5. 96| 17. 86| 10. 85| 28. 71| 1. 88| * INTRODUCTION: * What is GDP? Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a given period. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living GDP = private consumption + gross investment + government spending + (exports ? imports) * Nominal GDP is GDP evaluate d at current market prices. Therefore, nominal GDP will include all of the changes in market prices that have occurred during the current year due to inflation or deflation. In order to abstract from changes in the overall price level, another measure of GDP called real GDP is often used. Real GDP is GDP evaluated at the market prices of some base year. For example, if 1990 were chosen as the base year, then real GDP for 1995 is calculated by taking the quantities of all goods and services purchased in 1995 and multiplying them by their 1990 prices. * Inflation is defined as a rise in the overall price level, and deflation is defined as a fall in the overall price level. The inflation rate is one of the most important economic forces consistently weighing on the value of a nation's currency. Low Inflation Causes Growth: It is argued that low inflation can contribute to a higher rate of growth in the long term. This is because low inflation helps promote stability, confidence, and se curity and therefore encourages investment. This investment helps promote long term economic growth. If an economy has periods of high and volatile inflation rates, then rates of economic growth tend to be lower. * High Inflation and Low Growth: It is possible that an economy can experience low growth and high inflation this can occur if there is cost push inflation.Cost push inflation could be caused by rising oil prices. It increases costs for firms and reduces disposable income. Therefore, there is lower growth, whilst high inflation. * What is the relationship between inflation unemployment and Real GDP? During peak periods of the business cycle when the economy is experiencing rapid growth in real GDP, employment will increase as businesses seek workers to produce a higher output. If real GDP grows too quickly, however, it can cause price inflation as firms are forced to bid against one another or increasingly scarce workers. In contrast during trough periods of the business cy cle the economy is experiencing declines in real GDP, and employment rates are low. This is classic Neo-Keynesian economic theory. * Workings: 1. Calculation for Deflator: (Nominal GDP/Real GDP)*100 2. Calculation for Inflation Rate: {(Current Year’s GDP Deflator – Previous Year’s GDP Deflator) / Previous Year’s GDP Deflator}* 100 3. Calculation for Growth Rate: {(Current Year Growth Rate-Previous Year Growth Rate)/Previous Year Growth Rate}*100 4. Calculation for Employment Rate: (Current Year Employment Rate-Previous Year Employment Rate)/Previous Year Employment Rate}*100 # We have calculated nominal GDP and Real GDP at the Factor Cost. * The average inflation rate with a 5-years interval is calculated below: The average inflation rate of year 1980-85 is: (11. 51+10. 79+8. 58+8. 53+8)/5=9. 48 The average inflation rate of year 1985-90 is: (7. 28+6. 86+9. 49+8. 34+8. 55)/5=8. 10 The average inflation rate of year 1990-95 is: (10. 62+13. 73+8. 87+10. 23+ 9. 52)/5=10. 59 The average inflation rate of year 1995-2000 is: (9. 13+7. 78+6. 61+8. 05+2. 89)/5=6. 89 The average inflation rate of year 2000-05 is: 3. 39+3. 12+3. 71+3. 78+5. 94)/5=3. 98 The average inflation rate of year 2005-10 is: (4. 32+6. 31+6. 02+8. 45+5. 96)/5=6. 21 * The average Employment Rate with a 5-years interval is calculated below: The average employment rate of year 1980-85: (2. 3+4. 06+1. 38+1. 82+1. 74)/5=2. 26 The average employment rate of year 1985-90: (1. 71+2. 31+0. 31+0. 97+1. 50)/5=1. 36 The average employment rate of year 1990-95: (1. 48+1. 19+0. 44+0. 73+0. 54)/5=0. 87 The average employment rate of year 1995-2000: (1. 48+1. 10+0. 28+0. 21+0. 53)/5=0. 72 The average employment rate of year 2000-05: (0. 60+2. 12+0. 66+2. 10+0. 03)/5=1. 0 The average employment rate of year 2005-10: (1. 88+1. 03+1. 13+2. 28+1. 88)/5=1. 64 * The average Real GDP Growth rate with a 5-years interval is calculated below: The average real GDP growth rate of year 1980-85 is: ( 7. 21+5. 63+2. 92+7. 85+3. 96)/5=5. 51 The average real GDP growth rate of year 1985-90 is: (4. 16+4. 31+3. 53+10. 16+6. 13)/5=5. 65 The average real GDP growth rate of year 1990-95 is: (5. 29+1. 43+5. 36+5. 68+6. 39)/5=4. 83 The average real GDP growth rate of year 1995-2000 is: (7. 29+7. 97+4. 30+6. 68+7. 59)/5=6. 76 The average real GDP growth rate of year 2000-05 is: (4. 30+5. 52+3. 99+8. 06+6. 7)/5=5. 76 The average real GDP growth rate of year 2005-10 is: (9. 48+9. 57+9. 32+6. 72+8. 39)/5=8. 69 * Conclusion: As we can see the average real GDP growth rate from 1980-85 is 5. 51 and the average inflation rate of year 1980-85 is 9. 48 as well as the average real GDP growth rate of year 1985-90 is 5. 65 and the average inflation rate of year 1985-90 is 8. 10. So, it can be observed that, when the real GDP growth rates increased in the next consecutive years, the inflation rate has been decreased. Again, average real GDP growth rate of year 1990-95 is 4. 83 and average inflation rat e of year 1990-95 is 10. 9. Here with respect to the year 1985-90, the real GDP growth rate is decreasing and the inflation rate is increasing. Further, average real GDP growth rate of year 1995-2000 is 6. 76 and the average inflation rate of year 1995-2000 is 6. 89. Here again, with respect to the year 1990-95, the real GDP growth rate is increasing and the inflation rate is decreasing. Again, average real GDP growth rate of year 2000-05 is 5. 76 and average inflation rate of year 2000-05 is 3. 98. Here with respect to the year 1995-2000, the real GDP growth rate is decreasing and the inflation rate is also decreasing.And, average real GDP growth rate of year 2005-10 is 8. 69 and average inflation rate of year 2005-10 is 6. 21. Here with respect to the year 2000-05, the real GDP growth rate is increasing and the inflation rate is also increasing. THEREFORE, FROM THE ABOVE COMPARISONS, GOING WITH THE MAJORITY, WE CAN CONCLUDE THAT IN INDIA, SINCE THE YEAR 1980-2010, REAL GDP GROWTH RATE AND INFLATION RATE ARE INVERSELY RELATED, AS FOR 3 CASES WE CAN SEE WHEN REAL GDP GROWTH RATES HAVE INCREASED, INFLATION RATES HAVE DECREAS AND VICE VERSA †¦Now, as per our assignment, we have to compare India’s Trend of Economic Growth with Employment (Since the year 1980 to2010). As we can see the average real GDP growth rate from 1980-85 is 5. 51 and the average employment rate of year 1980-85 is 2. 26 as well as the average real GDP growth rate of year 1985-90 is 5. 65 and the average employment rate of year 1985-90 is 1. 36. So, it can be observed that, when the real GDP growth rates increased in the next consecutive years, the employment rate has decreased. Again, average real GDP growth rate of year 1990-95 is 4. 83 and average employment rate of year 1990-95 is 0. 7. Here with respect to the year 1985-90, the real GDP growth rate is decreasing and the employment rate is also decreasing. Further, average real GDP growth rate of year 1995-2000 is 6. 76 and the average employment rate of year 1995-2000 is 0. 72. Here again, with respect to the year 1990-95, the real GDP growth rate is increasing and the employment rate is decreasing. Again, average real GDP growth rate of year 2000-05 is 5. 76 and average employment rate of year 2000-05 is 1. 10. Here with respect to the year 1995-2000, the real GDP growth rate is decreasing and the employment rate is increasing.And, average real GDP growth rate of year 2005-10 is 8. 69 and average employment rate of year 2005-10 is 1. 64. Here with respect to the year 2000-05, the real GDP growth rate is increasing and the employment rate is also increasing. THEREFORE, FROM THE ABOVE COMPARISONS, GOING WITH THE MAJORITY, WE CAN CONCLUDE THAT IN INDIA, SINCE THE YEAR 1980-2010, REAL GDP GROWTH RATE AND EMPLOYMENT RATE ARE INVERSELY RELATED, AS FOR 3 CASES WE CAN SEE WHEN REAL GDP GROWTH RATES HAVE INCREASED, EMPLOYMENT RATES HAVE DECREAS AND VICE VERSA †¦

Jones Electrical Essay

As we can see from the figures and the information given in the present case, the company is very profitable due to the ambition and well management done by its owner Mr. Jones. In this regard, we can see in â€Å"Table 2 in the spreadsheet†, that the company is taking advantage of the 2% discount offered by suppliers saving around $75,000. 00 per year. We have to pay especial attention to the agreement reached with the former Co-owner of the company, Mr. Verden. This agreement is affecting the cash flow of the company since the interest expenses raises by around $12,000. 0 more per year, this together the financial interest of the Metropolitan’s Bank loan makes that the company needs a larger amount to finance its debts, that by the way regarding the agreement with Verden should not being paid by the company but by Jones personal income since this agreement was not reached between the company and Verden but between Verden and Jones. Furthermore, we are assuming that the company is paying this agreement since the Metropolitan’s interest rate if not will be of 12,45% per year which it seems to be very high for a bank of this kind. See Table 3 On the other hand, we have see that other and perhaps the most important factor making the company running out of cash is the fact that Jones uses to pay the invoices within 10 days so he can take advantage of the 2% discount instead of waiting the net payment due in 30 days while his accounts receivables are paid in average every 42 days. It is not necessary to explain what paying around hundred suppliers every 10 days represent to cash flows if the company is receiving payments every 42 days, this means that the company pays 4 times at 1 time receiving. This is, for sure, the main reason why the company is losing liquidity and need to borrow money to banks. See Table 5. Furthermore, we can see that the average rotation on accounts payables is 22 days as we can see from Table 10, this breaks the balance between the account receivables and accounts payables, this means that the company need to finance the difference (in this case 20 days approx. ) of working capital and the only way to finance it is through the company’s operations, by shareholders or with external resources which in the present case is through a bank loan. It would be also interesting to see what it the company’s financing policy on accounts receivables, this means what discount the company gives to its buyers and compare it with the discounts it receives from suppliers. Finally in order to overcome this situation the company need to review its financing policy and reduce the finance it gives to its clients so the rotation in accounts receivables period approaches to the rotation on accounts payables and thus correct the difference of approximately 20 days that is making the company look for further financing in external sources. . – Is Jones’s estimated that a $350,000. 00 line of credit is sufficient for 2007 accurate? From my point of view it seems to be accurate for the year of 2007. This answer is based of the calculation on working capital (see Table 8) and even stressing the methods used to calculate it, such as through the net operating working capital, which takes only into account the ways that the company has to generate cash and it most liquid debts, it means inventory, account receivables and account payables, we found that the figures were much better. See Table 11) On the other hand, if we take a look to the liquidity ratio (see Table 9) we found that the company’s ratio is above minimum relation required which is 1:1, this means that the company is producing enough cash to pay its debts. Nevertheless, as we said before, there a disparity in the financing policy of the company regarding the recovery period (account receivables) and the rotation on payables accounts that makes that the company requires external financing despite of having excellent numbers on the paper. Finally, I consider that the new credit line will be enough to pay the former credit with Metropolitan bank and there will still be $100 thousands dollars available that can be used by the company along the year since the restriction imposed by the bank are meet as we can see in Table 4 besides the company will be receiving payments during the year that will allow it to cover its debts and take advantage of the supplier discounts. Nevertheless, I insist in the fact that the company should revise its financing policy and the rotation of account receivables. . – What will happen to Jones’s financing needs beyond 2007? The financial needs of Jones Electrical will increase unless they change their policy on financing buyers while paying faster to their suppliers. This in deed is what is making that the company requires additional founds. On the other hand, the company has been growing constantly. In deed, according to the net income estimation for 2007 (see Table 7) the com pany increases its profits $25 thousand dollars more than the previous year. This is an evidence of how the company is been management and of its willing to grow year after year. Nevertheless, the first quarter of 2007 the working capital only has increased by $7 thousand dollars, which is the difference between the current assets and current liabilities but the importance of this is that according to the rotation on receivables and payable accounts, shown in Table 5 and 10, leads us to the conclusion that the company will have to pay its suppliers twice before it enters a single dime from its buyers. This clearly is the only reason and explanation to the question arose at the beginning of this analysis: â€Å"Why this profitable company needs a bank loan? † and the answer is found in tables 5 and 10, which is traduced into â€Å"an inadequate financing policy regarding receivables and payables accounts†. Finally, as a conclusion we can say that the company will still be needing more and more external resources to finance its buyers purchases due a inadequate financing policy that provoke unbalance in the requirements of working capital.